Dynamic Memory and Smart Pointers

Dynamic memory is created while the program is running. Modern C++ normally manages ownership with smart pointers instead of direct calls to new and delete.

Why Smart Pointers Matter

A smart pointer releases its object automatically when ownership ends. This reduces memory leaks and makes ownership clearer.

unique_ptr and make_unique

#include <iostream>
#include <memory>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

class Student
{
public:
    string name;

    explicit Student(string studentName)
        : name(studentName)
    {
    }
};

int main()
{
    unique_ptr<Student> student = make_unique<Student>("Alice");
    cout << student->name << endl;

    return 0;
}

Understanding Ownership

• A unique_ptr has one owner.
• Use make_unique() to create the object.
• Use -> to access members through the pointer.
• The object is destroyed automatically when the smart pointer leaves scope.